Thursday, February 26, 2009

Major League Baseball

Major League Baseball

From Wikipedia
Major League Baseball
Current season or competition:
2009 Major League Baseball season
Major League Baseball
Sport Baseball
Founded 1876
Commissioner Bud Selig [1]
No. of teams 30 [2]
Country(ies) United States
Canada
Most recent
champion(s)
Philadelphia Phillies
Most championships New York Yankees (26) [3]
TV partner(s) FOX, ESPN, TBS, and MLB Network
Official website MLB.com

Major League Baseball (MLB) is the highest level of play in American professional baseball. Specifically, Major League Baseball refers to the organization that operates the National League and the American League, by means of a joint organizational structure that has developed gradually between them since 1903 (the National League having been in existence since 1876). In 2000, the two leagues were officially disbanded as separate legal entities with all rights and functions consolidated in the commissioner's office.[4] MLB effectively operates as a single league and as such it constitutes one of the major professional sports leagues of North America. It is currently composed of 30 teams—29 in the United States and one in Canada.

Each season consists of 162 games (or 163 in the event of a tie breaker) which generally begins on the first Sunday in April and ends on the first Sunday in October, with the playoffs played in October and sometimes in early November. The same rules and regulations are played between the two leagues with one exception: the American League operates under the Designated Hitter Rule, while the National League does not. Utilization of the DH Rule in interleague play, the All-Star and World Series games is determined by the home team's league rules.

MLB is controlled by the Major League Baseball Constitution that has undergone several incarnations since 1876 with the most recent revisions being made in 2005. Under the direction of Commissioner of Baseball (currently Bud Selig), Major League Baseball hires and maintains the sport's umpiring crews, and negotiates marketing, labor, and television contracts. As is the case for most of the sports leagues in the United States and Canada, the "closed shop" aspect of MLB effectively prevents the yearly promotion and relegation of teams into and out of the Major League by virtue of their performance. Major League Baseball maintains a unique, controlling relationship over the sport, including most aspects of minor league baseball. This is due in large part to a 1922 U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Federal Baseball Club v. National League, which held that baseball is not interstate commerce and therefore not subject to federal antitrust law. This ruling has been weakened only slightly in subsequent years.[5][6]

The production/multimedia wing of MLB is New York-based MLB Advanced Media, which oversees MLB.com and all 30 of the individual teams' websites. Its charter states that MLB Advanced Media holds editorial independence from the League itself, but it is indeed under the same ownership group and revenue-sharing plan. MLB Productions is a similarly-structured wing of the league, focusing on video and traditional broadcast media.

Wednesday, February 25, 2009

George Soros

George Soros

From Wikipedia
George Soros

George Soros speaking in Malaysia
Born August 12, 1930 (1930-08-12) (age 78)
Budapest, Hungary
Occupation speculator, investor, philosopher, philanthropist, political activist
Net worth $9.0 billion (Forbes)[1]
Spouse(s) Twice divorced (Annaliese Witschak and Susan Weber Soros)
Children Robert, Andrea, Jonathan, Alexander, Gregory
Website
www.georgesoros.com

George Soros (pronounced /ˈsɔroʊs/ or /ˈsɔrəs/,[2] Hungarian IPA: [ˈʃoroʃ]) (born August 12, 1930, in Budapest, Hungary, as György Schwartz) is a Hungarian-born Jewish American financial speculator, stock investor, philanthropist, and political activist.[3]

Soros is estimated currently to be worth around $9 billion in net worth; he is ranked by Forbes as the 101st-richest person in the world.[1]

Soros is chairman of Soros Fund Management and the Open Society Institute and is also a former member of the Board of Directors of the Council on Foreign Relations. He is also one of three initial funders of Center for American Progress, and is represented on the board.[4] His funding and organization of Georgia's Rose Revolution was considered by Russian and Western observers to have been crucial to its success, although Soros said his role has been greatly exaggerated. In the United States, he is known for having donated large sums of money in a failed effort to defeat President George W. Bush's bid for re-election in 2004.

Former Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker wrote in 2003 in the foreword of Soros' book The Alchemy of Finance:

George Soros has made his mark as an enormously successful speculator, wise enough to largely withdraw when still way ahead of the game. The bulk of his enormous winnings is now devoted to encouraging transitional and emerging nations to become 'open societies,' open not only in the sense of freedom of commerce but—more important—tolerant of new ideas and different modes of thinking and behavior.

Tuesday, February 24, 2009

Taiperi Times

Taipei Times

From Wikipedia

Taipei Times
Traditional Chinese:
Simplified Chinese:
Taipei Times (臺北時報)
Type Daily newspaper
Format Broadsheet

Owner The Liberty Times Group
Publisher The Liberty Times Group
Founded 1999
Headquarters Taipei, Republic of China (Taiwan)
Circulation over 285,000

Website: http://www.taipeitimes.com

The Taipei Times is one of the three major English-language newspapers in the Republic of China (Taiwan), the other two being the Taiwan News and The China Post. Established in 1999, the Taipei Times is published by the Liberty Times Group, which publishes the Chinese language newspaper the Liberty Times.

In contrast to The China Post, it is widely regarded as taking an editorial line that leans toward the Pan-Green Coalition.

Along with such newspapers as The Guardian, it is a participant of Project Syndicate, established by George Soros. The Taipei Times sources articles from writers at The Guardian almost every day, including travel writers.

In March 2005, the Taipei Times web site incorporated a "Wikipedia feature" for its online articles. By following a link marked "wiki links", the reader can view a new version of the article with links to the Wikipedia pages about certain subjects mentioned in the news article.

Monday, February 23, 2009

Uncyclopedia

Uncyclopedia

From Wikipedia
Uncyclopedia
Uncyclopedia logo

The Main Page of Uncyclopedia.
URL http://uncyclopedia.wikia.com
Slogan The content-free encyclopedia that anyone can edit
Type of site Satirical wiki
Registration Optional
Owner Wikia
Created by Jonathan Huang and "Stillwaters"
Launched January 5, 2005
Current status Active

Uncyclopedia, "the content-free encyclopedia", is a satirically themed wiki. Founded in 2005, it is formatted as a humorous parody of Wikipedia and aims ultimately to parody all encyclopedic subjects.[1] Originally an English-language wiki, the project currently spans over 50 languages. The English version has over 23,000 pages of content.[2]

Various different forms of humour style are used as a vehicle for parody from sophisticated satire to the apparently random. Like Wikipedia, Uncyclopedia has guidelines regarding what is and is not acceptable content and these guidelines have become progressively more strict as the site has expanded over time. The site has gained negative attention due to its articles on places and people.

Its logo is a hollowed potato, named Sophia after the Gnostic deity, that serves as a spoof of Wikipedia's globe logo.[3]

Sunday, February 22, 2009

Laughter

Laughter


From Wikipedia

Two girls laughing
Late 19th century or early 20th century depiction of different stages of laughter on advertising cards

Laughter is an audible expression (written as ha ha ha or lol etc.), or appearance of merriment or happiness, or an inward feeling of joy and pleasure (laughing on the inside). It may ensue (as a physiological reaction) from jokes, tickling, and other stimuli. Inhaling nitrous oxide can also induce laughter; other drugs, such as cannabis, can also induce episodes of strong laughter. Strong laughter can sometimes bring an onset of tears or even moderate muscular pain.

Laughter is a part of human behaviour regulated by the brain. It helps humans clarify their intentions in social interaction and provides an emotional context to conversations. Laughter is used as a signal for being part of a group — it signals acceptance and positive interactions with others. Laughter is sometimes seemingly contagious, and the laughter of one person can itself provoke laughter from others as a positive feedback.[1] An extreme case of this is the Tanganyika laughter epidemic. This may account in part for the popularity of laugh tracks in situation comedy television shows.

The study of humor and laughter, and its psychological and physiological effects on the human body is called gelotology.

Saturday, February 21, 2009

Nintendo Wii

Wii

From Wikipedia
Wi

Manufacturer Nintendo
Type Video game console
Generation Seventh generation
Retail availability November 19, 2006 (details)
Units shipped Worldwide: 44.96 million (as of December 31, 2008)[1] (details)
Media 12 cm Wii Optical Disc
8 cm Nintendo GameCube Game Disc
CPU IBM PowerPC-based[2] "Broadway"
Storage capacity 512 MB Internal flash memory
Secure Digital card
Nintendo GameCube Memory Card
Graphics ATI "Hollywood"
Controller input Wii Remote, Wii Balance Board, Nintendo GameCube controller, Nintendo DS[3]
Connectivity Wi-Fi
Bluetooth
2 × USB 2.0[4]
LAN Adapter (via USB)
Online services Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection
WiiConnect24
Wii Shop Channel
Best-selling game Wii Sports (pack-in, except in Japan and South Korea), 30.87 million (as of September 30, 2008)[5]
Wii Play, 16.15 million (as of September 30, 2008)[5]
Backward
compatibility
Nintendo GameCube
Predecessor Nintendo GameCube

The Wii (ウィー?) (pronounced as the English pronoun we, IPA: /wiː/) is a home video game console released by Nintendo. As a seventh-generation console, the Wii primarily competes with Microsoft's Xbox 360 and Sony's PlayStation 3. Nintendo states that its console targets a broader demographic than that of both.[6] As of December 31, 2008 the Wii leads the generation over the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 in worldwide sales.[1]

A distinguishing feature of the console is its wireless controller, the Wii Remote, which can be used as a handheld pointing device and detect movement in three dimensions. Another distinctive feature of the console is WiiConnect24, which enables it to receive messages and updates over the Internet while in standby mode.[7]

The Wii is Nintendo's fifth home console, the direct successor to the Nintendo GameCube, and able to play all official GameCube games. Nintendo first spoke of the console at the 2004 E3 press conference and later unveiled the system at the 2005 E3. Satoru Iwata revealed a prototype of the controller at the September 2005 Tokyo Game Show.[8] At E3 2006, the console won the first of several awards.[9] By December 8, 2006, it had completed its launch in four key markets.

Friday, February 20, 2009

Sumo

Sumo

From Wikipedia
Sumo (相撲)
ka

A sumo match (tori-kumi) between Yokozuna Asashoryu and Komusubi Kotoshogiku in January 2008.
Focus Grappling
Hardness Full-contact
Country of origin Flag of Japan Japan
Olympic sport No
Official website http://www.sumo.or.jp/eng/

Sumo (相撲 sumō?) is a competitive contact sport where a wrestler (rikishi) attempts to force another wrestler out of a circular ring (dohyo) or to touch the ground with anything other than the soles of the feet. The sport originated in Japan, the only country where it is practised professionally. The Japanese consider sumo a gendai budō (a modern Japanese martial art), though the sport has a history spanning many centuries. The sumo tradition is very ancient, and even today the sport includes many ritual elements, such as the use of salt for purification, from the days sumo was used in the Shinto religion. Life as a rikishi is highly regimented, with rules laid down by the Sumo Association. Professional sumo wrestlers are required to live in communal "sumo training stables" known in Japanese as heya where all aspects of their daily lives—from meals to their manner of dress—are dictated by strict tradition.

Thursday, February 19, 2009

Idiot

Idiot (usage)

From Wikipedia


Idiot is a word derived from the Greek ἰδιώτης, idiōtēs ("person lacking professional skill," "a private citizen," "individual"), from ἴδιος, idios ("private," "one's own").[1] In Latin the word idiota ("ordinary person, layman") preceded the Late Latin meaning "uneducated or ignorant person."[2] Its modern meaning and form dates back to Middle English around the year 1300, from the Old French idiote ("uneducated or ignorant person"). The related word idiocy dates to 1487 and may have been analogously modeled on the words prophet[3] and prophecy.[4][5] The word has cognates in many other languages.

Contents

[hide]

History

"Idiot" was originally created to refer to "layman, person lacking professional skill", "person so mentally deficient as to be incapable of ordinary reasoning".[6][7] Declining to take part in public life, such as democratic government of the polis (city state), such as the Athenian democracy, was considered dishonorable. "Idiots" were seen as having bad judgment in public and political matters. Over time, the term "idiot" shifted away from its original connotation of selfishness and came to refer to individuals with overall bad judgment–individuals who are "stupid". In modern English usage, the terms "idiot" and "idiocy" describe an extreme folly or stupidity, and its symptoms (foolish or stupid utterance or deed). In psychology, it is a historical term for the state or condition now called profound mental retardation.[8]

Disability

In 19th and early 20th century medicine and psychology, an "idiot" was a person with a very severe mental retardation, or a very low IQ level, as a sufferer of cretinism, defining idiots as people whose IQ were below 20 (with a standard deviation of 16).

In current medical classification, these people are now said to have profound mental retardation, and the word "idiot" is no longer used as a scientific term.

United States law

Until 2007, the California Penal Code Section 26 stated that "Idiots" were one of six types of people who are not capable of committing crimes. In 2007 the code was amended to read "persons who are mentally incapacitated."[9]

In several states, "idiots" do not have the right to vote:

  • Arkansas Article III, Section 5[10]
  • Iowa Article II, section 5[11]
  • Kentucky Section 145[12]
  • Mississippi Article 12, Section 241[13]
  • New Mexico Article VII, section 1[14]
  • Ohio (Article V, Section 6)[15]

In literature


A few authors have used "idiot" characters in novels, plays and poetry. Often these characters are used to highlight or indicate something else (allegory). Examples of such usage are William Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury and William Wordsworth's The Idiot Boy. Idiot characters in literature are often confused with or subsumed within mad or lunatic characters. The most common imbrication between these two categories of mental impairment occurs in the polemic surrounding Edmund from William Shakespeare's King Lear. In Fyodor Dostoevsky's novel The Idiot, the idiocy of the main character, Prince Lev Nikolaievich Myshkin, is attributed more to his honesty, trustfulness, kindness, and humility, than to a lack of intellectual ability. Nietzsche claimed, in his The Antichrist, that Jesus was an idiot. This resulted from his description of Jesus as having an aversion toward the material world.[16]

Wednesday, February 18, 2009

Some tongue twisters

Hungarian:

:) Nyelvtörő

1

Meggymag! Szelíd meggymag vagy, vagy vad meggymag vagy?

2

Ha esö nem lesz buli lesz, ha lesz nem lesz.

3

Fiaiéi

4

Láttam szőrös hörcsögöt. Éppen szörpöt szörcsögött. Ha a hörcsög szörpöt szörcsög rátörnek a hörcsög görcsök.

5

Tevék ura!
Te tevél tevévé engem eleve,
Teveled nem ér fel tevefej tétova veleje.
Te terved veté a tevevedelő tavat tavaly távol,
de tévednél, vélvén,
vén híved neved feledve
elvetemedve
vádol.
Nem! Vidd te tevelelkem hovatovább tova,
mivel levet - vert vederbe
feltekerve - nem vedelve
lett betelve
a te tevéd szenvedelme.
Te nevedbe
legyen eme
neveletlen tevetetem
eltemetve!

S evezzevel ava teve
levelkévét kivilevelhevelteve.

Romhányi József: A teve fohásza

6

Legkedvesebb megegészségesedésedre!

7

A moszkvicsslusszkulcs egy luxusszükséglet.

8

Egy tucat kupac csupasz kopasz kukac meg....

9

Egy icike-picike pocok pocakon pöckölt egy másik icike-picike pockot, mire a pocakon pöckölt icike-picike pocok is jól pocakon pöckölte az őt pocakon pöckölő icike-picike pockot.

10

Elkáposztásítottalanítottátok!

11

Ezt a kertet jól elkelkáposztástalanítottátok.

12

Jó nyár jár rája.

13

Kedves megegészségesedésedre!

14

Kedves megegészségesedésetekre!

15

Piros csíkos cinkcsészében cukros csirkecomb.

16

Két pék két szép kék képet kér.

17

Öt török öt görögöt dögönyöz örökös örömök között.

18

Agostyánban agg atyák a gatyáikat aggatják.

19

A limpopói Pó pótló popót lopó Pót pótló Pó.

20

Cserszömörcés sört szürcsöl Csörsz

21

Meguntam Györnek gyönyörü gyöngyvárában laktomat, mert a Duna, Rába, Rábca rákja rágja lábamat.

22

Ki gyógyította ki a kígyót, aki kigyógyult?

23

Gyere, Gyuri, a gyufagyárba, gyertyát gyújtsunk!

24

Moszkvics-slusszkulcs, strandröplabda, sej, de bedezodoroztam magam

25

Megnemszentségteleníthetetlenségeskedéseitekért

Tuesday, February 17, 2009

Some tongue twisters

Use google translate->

German/Deutsch:


1

Fischers Fritze fischt frische Fische;
Frische Fische fischt Fischers Fritze.

2

Mos mä do oa oa initoa?

from Baden in South Germany

3

Hät kon kon Kamm oder a meggele sopfe?

from Baden in South Germany

4

Strätzt's z'Züri?

dialect from Zürich, Switzerland

5

Oachkatzlschwoaf

Bavarian and Austrian dialect

6

Bei Leid lieh stets Heil die Lieb'.

a palindrom

7

Denen Dänen, denen Dänen Dänen dehnen, dehnen deren Dänen.

8

Nickende Nichten und wippende Fichten.

9

Abraham! sprach Bebraham; ""Kann ich ma' dein Zebra ha'm?""

dialect from Bremen

10

Mol a mol a mole no.

Swabian dialect

11

Z'Schlaate e Zaane voll Saapfe d'Laatere durapp schlaapfe.

Swiss dialect from Schaffhausen

12

Bou dou dein Rollolodn rorolln loun.

dialect from Central Frankonia

13

Griesbrei bleibt Griesbrei,
und Kriegsbeil bleibt Kriegsbeil

14

Bräschdleng-Gsälz

Swabian dialect

15

S´Schbeckschbätzlesbschdeck z´schbäd bschdelld.

Swabian dialect

16

I han amol oine kennt ket,
dia hot a Kend ket,
des hot se von oim ket,
wenn se den it kennt het,
het se au des Kend it ket.

Swabian dialect

17

Kontaktlinsenverträglichkeitstest

from the Austrian driver's license

18

Birnbohm schreibd ma midd Birmbohm B und
Pappelbohm schreibd ma midd Pappelbohm P.

Saxonian dialect

19

Auf des Fleischhauers Schild war der Abstand zwischen ""Käse"" und ""und"" und ""und"" und ""Wurst"" zu klein geraten.

20

I moãn schô aa.

Bavarian dialect

21

Der Braumeister zu Zipf zapft zehn Fässer Zipfer.

22

Wo bist',
Bovist?

a minimal Schüttelreim

23

Aufnahmeausschusssitzung

24

Des Weiteren ist das Übrige auszuschließen und im Übrigen sind die Ausschlüße zu erweitern und die Erweiterungen sind ausschießlich zu erübrigen. Erübrigungen werden des Weiteren ausgeschlossen. Ausgeschlossene Erweiterungen sind übrig. Übrige Ausschlüsse werden erweitert. Erweiterte Erübrigungen werden auschgeschlossen. Ausszuschließende Erübrigungen werden erweitert. usw.

25

Musch nit an sellere Schelle schelle,
selle Schelle schellt nit,
musch an sellere Schelle schelle,
selle Schelle schellt.

Monday, February 16, 2009

Some tongue twisters

English:

1

Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
A peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked.
If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers,
Where's the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?

2

A quick witted cricket critic.

3

IF IF = THEN THEN THEN = ELSE ELSE ELSE = IF;

programming language PL/I by Bruce Walker

4

I saw Susie sitting in a shoe shine shop.
Where she sits she shines, and where she shines she sits.

5

How many boards
Could the Mongols hoard
If the Mongol hordes got bored?

from the comic Calvin & Hobbes, by Bill Waterson

6

How can a clam cram in a clean cream can?

7

Send toast to ten tense stout saints' ten tall tents.

by Raymond Weisling

8

Denise sees the fleece,
Denise sees the fleas.
At least Denise could sneeze
and feed and freeze the fleas.

9

Coy knows pseudonoise codes.

by Pierre Abbat

10

Sheena leads, Sheila needs.

11

The thirty-three thieves thought that they thrilled the throne throughout Thursday.

12

Something in a thirty-acre thermal thicket of thorns and thistles thumped and thundered threatening the three-D thoughts of Matthew the thug - although, theatrically, it was only the thirteen-thousand thistles and thorns through the underneath of his thigh that the thirty year old thug thought of that morning.

by Meaghan Desbiens

13

Can you can a can as a canner can can a can?

14

Seth at Sainsbury's sells thick socks.

15

You cuss, I cuss, we all cuss, for asparagus!

From a Far Side cartoon by Gary Larson

16

Roberta ran rings around the Roman ruins.

17

Clean clams crammed in clean cans.

18

Six sick hicks nick six slick bricks with picks and sticks.

19

I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish you wish to wish.

20

Stupid superstition!

21

There was a fisherman named Fisher
who fished for some fish in a fissure.
Till a fish with a grin,
pulled the fisherman in.
Now they're fishing the fissure for Fisher.

22

World Wide Web

23

To sit in solemn silence in a dull dark dock
In a pestilential prison with a life long lock
Awaiting the sensation of a short sharp shock
From a cheap and chippy chopper on a big black block.

by W.S. Gilbert of Gilbert and Sullivan from The Mikado

24

Picky people pick Peter Pan Peanut-Butter, 'tis the peanut-butter picky people pick.

from a commercial

25

If Stu chews shoes, should Stu choose the shoes he chews?

Sunday, February 15, 2009

Download Tyrian and others

Here is a site where you can download Tyrian and other useful things belong to it. Enjoy :)

http://members.iinet.net.au/~vannevar/tyrian/downloads.html

Saturday, February 14, 2009

Tyrian

From wikipedia:

Tyrian (video game)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search
Tyrian
The Australian cover artwork of Tyrian
Developer(s) Eclipse Productions
Publisher(s) Epic MegaGames
Designer(s) Jason Emery (programming)

Daniel Cook (art)
Alec Brandon (music)
Robert Allen (project manager)

Platform(s) PC (MS-DOS, Windows)
Release date(s) 1995[1]
Genre(s) Scrolling shooter
Mode(s) Story, arcade
Media Floppy disk, CD, download
System requirements 486 or faster CPU, VGA graphics and color monitor, 4MiB system RAM, MS-DOS 5 or later (supports Win 95)
Input methods Computer keyboard and/or mouse and/or joystick

Tyrian is a computer game developed by Eclipse Productions (later named World Tree Games) and published in 1995 by Epic MegaGames.

The game was officially released as freeware in 2004, and the graphics have been made available under an open license in April 2007.

Tyrian was programmed by Jason Emery, illustrated by Daniel Cook, and its music composed by Alexander Brandon and Andras Molnar.

Contents

[hide]

[edit] Plot

The game is set in the year 20,031. Players play as a skilled terraformation pilot named Trent Hawkins, who is employed to scout out habitable locations on newly terraformed planets. His latest assignment is the planet Tyrian, which is located near the territory of the Hazudra, who are a lizard-like race.

One day, Buce Quesillac, a Hazudra, and Trent's best friend, is shot in the back by a hoverdrone which quickly disappears into the sky. As Buce lay dying, he tells Trent that it was all the work of Microsol, the giant corporation who controlled the terraformation of Tyrian. They had Buce shot because of his knowledge of Gravitium, which is a special mineral, unique to Tyrian, capable of controlling the force of gravity.

Microsol want to utilize Gravitium to power their warships, which could result in them becoming nearly unstoppable. They also attempt to eliminate anyone who knows of its existence. Trent is the next person on their hit list, and with his last words, Buce implores him to try to reach Savara, a free world. Trent manages to secure a small fighter, and departs for Savara.

[edit] Episode 1: Escape

The first mission covers Trent's escape from the planet Tyrian. As the game progresses, transmissions are received from allies and enemies alike, each one advancing the plot. Eventually, Trent comes into contact with a rival of Microsol's; a corporation called Gencore.

[edit] Episode 2: Treachery

In this episode, Trent Hawkins is sent on several missions from a superior who later turns out to be a spy from Microsol. He then at the end of the episode, after Trent takes out the dragon ship, imprisons him and continues to build the Microsol fleet.

[edit] Episode 3: Mission: Suicide

Having escaped prison, Trent is now following a routine from his superiors to save several planets from battery, and to face one of the biggest threats yet. At the end of the third episode, the player must fight their way through the Microsol battle fleet and destroy the main ship. At the end, everyone expresses how grateful they are, but Trent is still saddened by the passing of his friends and parents, and vows to ensure it doesn't happen to anyone else.

[edit] Episode 4: An End to Fate

The fourth episode, which was added with version 2.0, entails the activation by Microsol of an ancient alien computer system located under the surface of the planet Ixmucane. This system was designed to turn the planet into a sun, but was never activated by its creators. The player must destroy the system before it fully activates, so that Microsol does not gain even more power. In addition, many important scientists are trapped under the surface; they will die if the system fully activates.

Before heading to the last planet in this episode, Trent encounters the spy from Microsol in his Juggernaut spacecraft, having seen Trent that he will have to shoot him down himself.

Towards the end of the episode, more and more alien activity seems to be surfacing. In particular, Gyges, the carnivorous planet, which was visited in episode two only once before, becomes the central hub for Microsol. Emperor Milktoe has been proven to be behind Microsol as the leader the entire time, and Trent must kill him in his brain ship.

The destruction of the enormous brain, which happened to be linked to Gyges' core, caused the ultimate destruction of the entire planet, as shown in-game where Trent's ship rapidly accelerates faster and faster, until he jumps into hyperspace, ending the level.

Afterwards, Vykromod makes his appearance on Tyrian after the Captain, who had been chasing Trent since he escaped prison from episode two, activates him. Nothing but a giant floating nose with other space ships in the form of eyes, blood cells, and tongue, the player must kill him in order to finish episode four.

(Vykromod is first made known at the end of episode one, where Trent reaches the last level, Tyrian Underground in a massive lava pit.)

Following the final battle, Trent grows tired of being given orders and sent on dangerous missions by his superiors. He sets course for Earth, which is 100 light years away, and goes into cryonic sleep.

[edit] Episode 5: Hazudra Fodder

In the fifth episode, added in Tyrian 2000, it is revealed that the Hazudra strapped a proximity bomb to Trent's ship to send him in another direction than Earth. They then use Trent to take out the Zinglonites, who invade space with space-dwelling fruit. The new episode also featured new ships, shields and weapons as new means to complete that task.

During this episode, it is stated that the Zinglonites were in fact the creators of Microsol, and Microsol "is merely a front to their power" (according to one of the Hazudra messengers). Their master plan was to deprive the known universe of its food supplies and fabricate warships out of them in their fanatical mission of mass destruction. The Zinglon god itself is then faced off - and completely destroyed - at the end of the episode. Little else is known about what then happens to Trent.

[edit] Gameplay

Tyrian is an arcade-style vertical scrolling shooter. The player controls a space ship fitted with different weapons (front and back, linked to the same button, and up to two external pods with their own buttons) and other equipment; the game is mostly fast-paced but easily memorizable and it presents a variety of enemies (some flying, some fixed, some on rails) and bosses, with many occurrences of fixed and/or indestructible obstacles.

A peculiar feature of Tyrian is that it is very forgiving of enemy hits: before the player's starship is destroyed it must take enough damage to exhaust several points of shields and armor (the difference is that shields regenerate during play while armor is recovered only with specific powerups and between levels).

Another unusual characteristic of the game is that weapon powerups are very rare: main weapons, sidekick weapons, and equipment such as shields, energy generators (which determine how fast weapons fire and shields recharge), and different ships are bought in interlevel menus; front and back weapons can be upgraded or downgraded at each of 11 power levels. Available money corresponds directly to score.

The multiple linked weapons, the equipment-buying system and the shield/armor hit points in Tyrian are similar to game mechanics in Raptor: Call of the Shadows, another PC game from the same period[citation needed].

Tyrian was a departure from the prevalent "serious" style of shooters, due to the cartoon-like artwork and the abundance of silly (or at least strange) dialogue and content.

[edit] Difficulty

There are several levels of difficulty to choose from: Easy, Medium, Hard, as well as the hidden options of Impossible, Suicide, and Lord of the Game. Hard difficulty and above employ enemies with more health as well as fire more bullets per second. Certain hidden levels are only available at hard difficulty, which provide ample opportunities for unique powerups and upgrades. In certain levels, the Hard setting also prevents the player from seeing enemies outside a conical line-of-sight. Upon completion of the game, the player receives a password for one of the several hidden ships, as well as the options for replaying the game at a higher difficulty setting.

[edit] Full Story mode

Fighting enemies in Savara

The main mode is the single player Full Story mode. This mode also includes storyline-related messages for the player to read. The player begins with one standard weapon, which may be upgraded or replaced by a large variety of weapons, including weapons such as multi-directional cannons, lightning guns, beam lasers, heavy missiles, and homing bombs. There are primary and secondary weapons, where primary weapons are mostly limited to forward arcs, while secondary weapons often come with wider coverage, including side and rear shots. Both types of weapons have eleven levels, making them upgradeable 10 times, although higher levels cost exponentially more.

Additionally, the player can purchase up to two "sidekicks" which fly alongside the ship and can fire independently of the main ship, but are still controlled by the player, and not the AI. Examples of sidekicks include powerful atom bombs, mini-missiles, and multi-directional mines. Other upgrades include increased shields, more powerful generators which can increase firing rate as well as shield recharge, and ships with more armour and/or higher maneuverability.

Any weapon can be upgraded in stores, even if not available for sale, and any item can be sold without loss, so the practical function of shops is not trade but letting the player build a strong ship on a budget (with no penalty for failing and trying a different build). The player cannot obtain sold items again without reaching a level which offers them, in many cases a single secret level in the whole game, so selling very good items is generally bad; in the first loop through the game the player usually gets and keeps forever the best ship, shield, generator, sidekicks and special weapon (choice of the two main weapons depends on personal style and level needs).

[edit] Arcade mode

In Arcade mode, the player picks up weapons and power-ups along the way, instead of purchasing by earning money. Primary weapons are upgraded by picking up purple orbs from destroyed enemies, and the number of purple orbs required increases exponentially to advance to higher power levels. There is also a limited variety of weapons, unlike the Full Story mode.

The ship, shields, and generators are not upgradeable, although the player is given a medium attribute ship.

[edit] Single player-arcade interchangeability

It is possible to switch between the Single Player and (1 person) Arcade modes using a secret routine (not cheat codes). Since it is possible to find exotic weapons early in Arcade Mode (by contrast in Single Player, such weapons can only be bought at the end), using this switch will allow such weapons to be brought over to single player. Likewise, generator and shield upgrades from single player will result in a better ship for Arcade Mode.

[edit] Two player

In the two player (arcade mode only), the players control two different ships, known as the "Dragonhead" and "Dragonwing". Both players can combine their ships into one, forming the "Steel Dragon", with the first player controlling the combined ship, and the second player controlling a turret. Tyrian even enables the two players to be connected via modem.

Both ships had differing abilities. The Dragonhead had more main weapons at its disposal, and also controlled the "special" powerup weapons. The Dragonwing, by contrast, controlled sidekick weapons and utilized a unique "charge-up" system for frontal offenses. If the player does not fire, power will charge, visibly shown as 1) blue particles gathering in front of the ship, culminating with a blue sphere with two orbiting particles in the front of the ship, and 2) green lights moving in succession on the control board on the right of the screen. There are five charge levels for each weapon, and collecting the spherical purple powerups will give the Dragonwing the ability to charge-up faster, to the point where the maximum charge is reached within a second or two.

[edit] Timed Battle (only available in Tyrian 2000)

In this mode the player chooses from three levels to play in (Deliani, Space station and Savara). The game automatically starts and the player has a given a specific time to complete the level, while collecting power-ups, fighting off enemies and killing the boss. When the level is complete, the score is calculated depending on time, life, destruction and killed enemies.

[edit] Super Arcade

The game also features 7 (9 in Tyrian 2000) hidden Super Arcade modes (with specialized ships), requiring the user to type in certain codewords which are shown after beating the game. (The first code is given by beating the regular game, and each consecutive code is given after beating the mode which comes before it.)

[edit] Super Tyrian

In this mode, all cheat codes and command parameters are disabled and the game is set to Lord of Game difficulty setting (although it's possible to play in Suicide difficulty by holding Scroll Lock). The Player possesses a Stalker 21.126 ship, along with a small shield and only one weapon. The ship is able to generate a large amount of different weapons when the right movements are made. There are no other weapons and power-ups available, just the Atomic Rail Gun Front Weapon Power-ups and a special weapon are available for the player. (Like a merged version of the Full Story (Single Player) and 1-player arcade mode). It is entered by typing engage at main menu screen

The headlight effect is always turned on in Super Tyrian, which can obsure objects that are not within 90 degree front angle of player's ship.

[edit] Mini-games

[edit] Destruct

"Destruct" is a minigame concealed inside Tyrian, reminiscent of Scorched Earth, with human-vs-human and human-vs-computer modes of play. It can be played by typing destruct at main menu screen.

[edit] Zinglon's Ale

In this game, you must dodge wave after wave of bouncing enemies in an attempt to gather as much ale as possible. While good dodging is important, you must also clear the screen of enemies completely before you will progress to the next level. The game continues infinitely, though it will keep getting harder and harder.

[edit] Zinglon's Squadrons

A game similar to Galaxian or Galaga. Large formations of ships fly down to attack you. Individual ships in the groups break off to fly down in various ways. You must destroy the entire fleet to advance to the next fleet. Basically, just shoot everything you can.

You must shoot all the small enemies to advance to the next level.

[edit] Zinglon's Revenge

A giant ship projects a horizontal field of energy. Small enemies fall down from above and bounce around the edges of the screen and against the energy field. Touching the field or one of the little enemies means almost certain instant death.

You must shoot all the small enemies to advance to the next level.

[edit] Development

Tyrian was developed by a credited total of 11 people, with "three main drivers" — Alexander Brandon (composer and writer), Jason Emery (programmer and level designer), and Daniel Cook (artist and interface designer). For the aforementioned developers, Tyrian was their first commercial video game.[2][3]

The origins of Tyrian began as an experiment in 1991, with a young Jason Emery showing his friend Alexander Brandon the preliminary workings of a scrolling background. The two continued developing, and eventually decided the work could be shown to a game company. Brandon wrote a proposal document and sent it to the two leading shareware game publishers of the time, Epic MegaGames and Apogee. However, the game lacked any sound or music, and the graphics were "definitely not professional". As such, "neither got overly excited", but both showed interest.

The two developers thought they would never find a publisher. However, after a long wait, Robert Allen—head of Safari Software—considered Tyrian to fit perfectly with their company, which handled smaller scale projects. Robert Allen had word from Cliff Bleszinski that Tyrian was very similar to Zanac, thinking that it should be followed up.

Robert Allen gave leads to sound coders and artists, the first being Bruce Hsu who created interface graphics and character faces. Artist Daniel Cook was hired after composer Alexander Brandon showed interest in his artwork, which was—unbeknown to Cook—"sent around" by a friend. After he was sent a short list of levels, Cook created sample artwork on an Amiga 1200, with a David Letterman episode inspiring "some weird stuff". It was met with praise by the other developers, who asked him to "make some more!". The artwork was completed in a 4 month period.[2][4]

After work began on graphics, the popularity of Tyrian rose at Epic MegaGames. Arturo Sinclair from Storm Front Studios joined to create rendered artwork for planets and character faces. The developers wanted a "simple and fun solution" for the interface, and changed it at least three times before deciding on a final design. At this point, Tyrian was almost complete; with the "LOUDNESS" sound system, near-completed sound effects, and a marketing plan head by Mark Rein. At this time, Tim Sweeney approached the team and informed them Tyrian was to be published as a full fledged Epic MegaGames product. It was later released in 1995.

[edit] Versions and re-releases

[edit] Tyrian

Version 1.0 was originally released as shareware, which consists of episode 1 of the game.

Version 1.1 includes following:

  • Support for DMA 3 and MIDI port 300.
  • Control bug fix.
  • Random lockup, runtime error fix.
  • Level, ship fixes.

Version 1.1 was the first published as registered version, consists of first 3 episodes. Registered version also included ship editor, which was later available as separate download.

Version 2.0 added following:

  • Additional Episode 4 (An End to Fate) in registered version
  • Two-player mode
  • New ships, weapons
  • New game modes: Super Tyrian
  • New game difficulty: Lord of Game
  • Level, shop item changes for previous episodes.
  • New bonus games: Zinglon's Ale (episode 1), Zinglon's Squadron (episode 3), Zinglon's Squadrons (episode 4).

Version 2.01/2.1 has following changes:

  • keyboard bug fix
  • Christmas mode (triggered by starting the game on December).

[edit] Tyrian 2000

[show]
Tyrian 2000
Developer(s) Eclipse Productions
Publisher(s) Stealth Media Group, Inc. (XSIV Games)

Symmetry Entertainment (XSIV Games)

Platform(s) MS-DOS
Release date(s) 1999-?

2004-? (freeware)

Genre(s) Scrolling shooter
Mode(s) Story, arcade
Rating(s) ESRB: E (Everyone)
USK: 6
Media CD
System requirements 486 or faster CPU, VGA graphics and color monitor, 4MiB system RAM, MS-DOS 5 or later (supports Win 95)
Input methods Computer keyboard and/or mouse and/or joystick

In 1999, Tyrian was re-released as Tyrian 2000, which includes an additional fifth episode and bug fixes.

Additional ships include Pheonix II, Storm, Red Dragon, Pretzel Pete Truck (from the Pretzel Pete video game published by XSIV Games). Datacube TRANSMISSION SOURCE: Epic Megagames game ad was renamed to TRANSMISSION SOURCE: XSIV Games with Pretzel Pete game ad (however, other references to Epic Megagames titles remain).

Althought it claims Windows compatibility, it is achieved using .PIF file, not by building native Windows application.

[edit] Game Boy releases

World Tree Games originally developed versions for the Game Boy Color and Game Boy Advance were in development, but after the then current publisher Symmetry Entertainment had closed business, the European publisher Stealth Productions, Inc. (Stealth Media Group, Inc.) obtained the publish rights, but it was cancelled.

Both Game Boy versions were eventually released in compiled format.

In Game Boy Color version, the Full Game incorporates a shorter stories (from Episodes 1-4) than the original DOS game, but planet Ixmucane core always gets destroyed at the end, and the levels were redesigned. The rear weapon from the DOS game is not available. Player can carry 2 Sidekick weapons at once, but only 1 is usable at a time. New game modes and items can be unlocked by purchasing Extras using credits obtained by completing a stage.

Game Boy Advance version incorporates graphics from DOS game, but the level layout and game play are based on Game Boy Color game. 2 Sidekick weapons can be fired at the same time. Super Arcade and audio are not included. New to this game is Challenge mode, where additional levels are unlocked by completing existing Challenge levels.

[edit] OpenTyrian

[show]
OpenTyrian
Developer(s) The OpenTyrian Development Team
Publisher(s) The OpenTyrian Development Team
Designer(s) Carl W. Reinke (Mindless), Yuri K. Schlesner (yuriks), Casey A. McCann (syntaxglitch), Michael W. Olson (mwolson)

Mac OS X: simx, filmor

Engine Simple DirectMedia Layer, AdPlug (audio)
Platform(s) SVN builds: Windows 95, Mac OS X
Release date(s) 2007-?
Genre(s) Scrolling shooter
Mode(s) Story, arcade
Input methods Computer keyboard and/or mouse and/or joystick

In February 2007 the Pascal source code for Tyrian was licensed for a small group of developers to re-write it in C, in a project named OpenTyrian, licensed under the GNU General Public License. There are no plans of releasing the original source code. Following that announcement, in April 2007 Daniel Cook announced the free availability of his Tyrian artwork (not including the later work for the Game Boy Color edition and for Tyrian 2000) under generic liberal terms.[2]

Most recently, it has been released for the Nintendo Wii (as a port of the hacked GameCube version of the game.) It is a direct game port due to it emulating LinuxOS for GameCube.

This version uses Tyrian 2.1 data, instead of the later released Tyrian 2000.

OpenTyrian was built in 2 versions: Classic and Enhanced. Classic is designed to be play like the original DOS game. Enhanced adds command console, and uses alternate command line parameters (no legacy command line support).

[edit] Audio

The music of Tyrian was created by Alexander Brandon and is in the LDS (Loudness Sound System) format. Tyrian 2000 CD includes 25 of the tracks in red book audio format. The red book tracks are omitted from the freeware version due to the download size.

[edit] References to other video games

The data cubes found in the Full Mode contains various references to its parent publisher(s), including One Must Fall 2097, Jazz Jackrabbit, Pretzel Pete (Tyrian 2000).

The Pretzel Pete Truck and its weapon is a reference to Pretzel Pete video game.

The Music tracks ZANAC3 and ZANAC5 are reproductions of two songs from the old NES game Zanac.

The Music track One Musn't Fall is a reference to One Must Fall 2097.

[edit] Reception

Tyrian was generally well-received, scoring 87% in PC Gamer (one percent below their Editor's Choice award)[5] and 4 out of 5 stars in Next Generation. Computer Gaming World nominated Tyrian as "Action Game of the Year". The original developers Jason Emery and Alexander Brandon considered Tyrian's reception "far more" than their expectations[citation needed].